Meta Data Engineer Interview (questions, process, prep)

Data engineer interviews at Meta (formerly Facebook) are really challenging. The questions are difficult, specific to Meta and cover a wide range of topics.

The good news is that the right preparation can make a big difference, and can help you land a data engineer job at Meta. We have put together the ultimate guide to help you maximize your chances of success. 

Here's an overview of what we will cover:

• Role and salary
• Process and timeline
• Example questions
  • Product sense
  • Data modeling
  • SQL
  • Coding
  • Ownership
• Interviewing tips
• Preparation plan

Click here to practice 1-on-1 with a data engineer ex-interviewer

1. Meta Data Engineer Role and Salary↑

Before we cover your data engineer interview at Meta, let’s first take a look at the role.

1.1 What does a Meta Data Engineer do?

Data engineers at Meta are responsible for gathering and providing data, ensuring that it’s accurate, reliable, and useful for product development strategy and overall business decision-making.

As a Meta data engineer, you’ll be integrated into what is called a Meta Pod, which consists of software engineers, designers, product managers, data scientists, data analysts, and other functions depending on the product or service. It is your responsibility to use your data expertise to determine which opportunities to work on. According to ex-Meta data operations engineer Karthik, data engineers at Meta own the pipeline. "The more debugging spots they add, the easier it is to support. The data quality checks are usually built as part of a pipeline to prevent and alert data anomalies." 

Part of your role is knowing how to prioritize the requests you receive for the daily needs of the product team and working on the company’s big bets. Thankfully, according to ex-Meta data engineer Jean, “Generally the role of DE is very well defined, the way you have impact is well documented and managers are well equipped to help you.” So you’ll have plenty of help along the way in navigating your role and impact. 

Because Meta is a mature company, plenty of its data infrastructure has already been built. If you’re a new hire, you can expect to work on maintaining pipelines, platforms, and processes. It’s a good chance for you to solidify your foundation in Python, SQL, and the tools Meta uses. These tools, according to ex-Meta DE Jean, are “amazing, often homegrown, and always fine-tuned for a perfect developer experience.” This gives you more opportunities to focus on novel data problem-solving.

In terms of problem-solving, Meta wants data engineers to choose solutions with performance and efficiency in mind. In your interviews, your interviewers will be looking out for how you "compare and contrast different options and justify the rationale behind your decisions," ex-Meta data operations engineer Karthik says, especially since there might be multiple solutions for any given problem.

Meta is very product-oriented, so data engineers are required to have good product sense. At the end of the day, as a Meta data engineer, your responsibility is to use your data expertise to ensure you have data sets available that anticipate future needs and help produce a better outcome for Meta’s products. 

1.2 How much does a Meta Data Engineer make?

Based on the computations from Glassdoor data, the average data engineer salary at Meta is 49% higher than the estimated average salary of a data engineer in the US.

Location also plays a part in the difference in salary based on Glassdoor data. To compare:

• Meta Brazil Data Engineer: est. average of $41kyear base pay
• Meta US Data Engineer: est. average of $182k/year base pay

Below you can see the average salary and compensation of the different data engineer levels at Meta US, as of early 2024, based on Levels.fyi.

While we presume that you already know which specific level you are applying for, it’s still good to double-check this with your recruiter. Your recruiter should be able to advise you on which level you’re being evaluated. If you think you're qualified for more senior roles, check out our guides to the Meta E5 (senior engineer) and Meta E6 (staff engineer) interviews.

Ultimately, how you do in your interviews will help determine what you’ll be offered. That’s why hiring one of our ex-Meta interview coaches can provide such a significant return on investment.

And remember, compensation packages are always negotiable, even at Meta. So, if you do get an offer, don’t be afraid to ask for more. If you need help negotiating, consider booking one of our salary negotiation coaches to get expert advice

2. Meta Data Engineer Interview Process and Timeline↑

What's the Meta data engineer interview process and timeline? It usually takes around two months and follows these steps:

2.1 What interviews to expect

1. Resume screen
2. Recruiter phone screen
3. Technical screening
4. Onsite interviews

Let’s take a look at each of those steps in a bit more detail.

2.1.1 Resume screen

First, recruiters will look at your resume and assess if your experience matches the open position. This is the most competitive step in the process, as millions of candidates do not make it past this stage.

If you’re looking for expert feedback on your resume, you can get input from our team of ex-Meta recruiters, who will cover what achievements to focus on (or ignore), how to fine-tune your bullet points, and more.

If you do have a connection to someone in Meta, it can be really helpful to get an employee referral to the internal recruiting team, as it may increase your chances of getting into the interview process.

2.1.2 Recruiter phone screen

In most cases, you'll start your interview process with Meta by talking to an HR recruiter on the phone for 30-45 minutes. They are looking to confirm that you've got a chance of getting the job at all, so be prepared to explain your background and why you’re a good fit at Meta. You should expect typical behavioral and resume questions like, "Tell me about yourself", "Why Meta?", as well as some SQL and data structure questions.

If you get past this first HR screen, the recruiter will then help schedule a technical screen with a Meta engineer. One great thing about Meta is that they are very transparent about their recruiting process. Your HR contact will therefore walk you through the remaining steps in the hiring process, and will also share with you a helpful email listing resources you can use to prepare.

2.1.3 Technical screening

If you make it past the HR screen you’ll have an hour-long technical screening where you’ll spend 25 minutes each on SQL questions and coding questions. You can get up to 5 questions for each focus area.

To provide your answers, you'll use a simple online code editor without syntax highlighting or auto-completion (e.g. CoderPad). It's a good idea to get used to using one of them beforehand. It’s up to you which programming language you use. Just be sure to let your recruiter know your preferred language beforehand.

Your recruiter will send you your custom CoderPad link once you confirm your interview schedule. Join the link minutes before your screening schedule so you’ll have time to fix if there’s any issues and still be on time.

Take a look at this Data Engineer initial screen prep guide by Meta for more information on this stage of the interview process.

2.1.4 Onsite interviews

If you make it past the technical screening you’ll be invited to the real test: a full day of “onsite” interviews at a Meta office. As you'll see in this really useful Meta DE onsite prep guide, you can expect four interviews in total: 3 hour-long technical interviews and one 30-minute ownership interview.  The questions you’ll face can be grouped into five categories:

• Product sense/analysis
• Data modeling
• SQL
• Coding
• Ownership

In addition to these interviews, you'll also have lunch with a fellow engineer while you are onsite. The lunch interview is meant to be your time to ask questions about what it's like to work at Meta. The company won't be evaluating you during this time, but we recommend that you behave as if they were.

2.2 Individual contributors vs managers

Meta has two career tracks. You can either grow into a manager where you end up leading teams of engineers (management track). Or you can stay very hands-on technically and specialize as you become more senior (individual contributor track).

If you're interviewing as an individual contributor then, as we’ve discussed regarding a data engineer role, you can mainly expect technical interviews and will typically only have a single behavioral (ownership) interview.

However, if you are interviewing as a manager, director, or above, then you should expect at least two interviews that are not technical. There you'll need to answer behavioral questions about how you develop people, work with cross-functional teams, execute on projects, grow an organization, etc.

2.3 What happens behind the scenes

Throughout the interview process at Meta, the recruiter usually plays the role of "facilitator" and moves the process from one stage to the next. Here's an overview of what typically happens behind the scenes:

After the technical screen, the interviewer you've talked to will have 24h to submit their ratings and notes to the internal system. Your recruiter then reviews the feedback, and decides to move you to the onsite interview or not depending on how well you've done.

After the onsite, your interviewers will make a recommendation on hiring you or not and the recruiter compiles your "packet" (interview feedback, resume, referrals, etc.). If they think you can get the job, they will present your case at the next candidate review meeting.

Candidate review meetings are used to assess all candidates who have recently finished their interview loops and are close to getting an offer. Your packet will be analyzed and possible concerns will be discussed. Your interviewers are invited to join your candidate review meeting, but will usually only attend if there's a strong disagreement in the grades you received (e.g. 2 no hires, 2 hires). If after discussion the team still can't agree whether you should get an offer or not, you might be asked to do a follow-up interview to settle the debate. At the end of the candidate review meeting, a hire / no hire recommendation is made for consideration by the hiring committee.

The hiring committee includes senior leaders from across Meta. This step is usually a formality and the committee follows the recommendation of the candidate review meeting. The main focus is on fine-tuning the exact level and therefore the compensation you will be offered.

It's also important to note that hiring managers and people who refer you have little influence on the overall process. They can help you get an interview at the beginning, but that's about it.

3. Meta Data Engineer Example Questions↑

As we mentioned above, for the position of Meta data engineer, you'll face questions across five different topics; four technical and one behavioral.

• Product sense/analysis
• Data modeling
• SQL
• Coding
• Ownership

Now let’s dig a little deeper into those topics. We’ve analyzed scores of candidates’ interview reports on Glassdoor to provide you with real interview questions that have been previously asked by Meta. We've categorized them and we've changed the grammar and phrasing in some places to make the questions easier to understand.

Let’s get into it.

3.1 Product sense questions

If you're applying for a Product Analytics role, this round will be especially important, as you'll be playing an important role in Meta’s product development strategy. You'll need to have a strong product awareness and be able to hold strategic conversations about a product and its possibilities.

All three technical interviews will be case studies of typical product challenges that Meta normally solves with data. You’ll need to show that you can think critically about the needs of a product and give solid technical solutions.

As part of your practice, you might want to check out the metrics that companies similar to Meta use. You can extract this information by looking at their financial statements.

Let’s take a look at some real examples of product sense questions that we found in the Glassdoor data.

3.2 Data modeling questions

Meta is an organization built on collecting huge amounts of data. Modeling that data in the best way possible is therefore very important.

You can expect to be asked to brainstorm the data needs of one of Meta’s products. You’ll then be asked to design a data mart to support analytics use cases and to write select SQL statements to produce specific results.

Let’s take a look at some real examples of data modeling questions that we found in the Glassdoor data.

3.3 SQL questions

With Meta’s backend handling billions of data fetch operations each day, knowledge of SQL is very important for the company's data engineers. That’s why they include SQL questions both in the technical screening and the onsite interviews.

The interviewer will test your knowledge of basic SQL constructs. You’ll need to know how to use joins, aggregate functions, analytical functions, set operators, and subqueries, while thinking about efficiency and scalability.

Let’s take a look at some real examples of SQL questions that we found in the Glassdoor data.

3.4 Coding questions

Data engineers at Meta solve some of the company’s biggest challenges with code. Meta will want to make sure you’ve got the necessary problem-solving skills and that you can think in a structured way when it comes to code. 

During your Meta coding interview, you’ll need to know how to manipulate data structures, how to use dictionaries, loops, and lists, and show a good understanding of string, set operations, etc, in your coding language of choice. You’ll need to provide accurate, bug-free, efficient, and well-thought-out code, sharing your thoughts out loud while you work through it on a whiteboard (or online equivalent).

Finally, we recommend reading this guide on Meta coding interviews, how to answer coding interview questions and practicing with this list of coding interview examples in addition to those listed below.

Let’s take a look at some real examples of coding questions that we found in the Glassdoor data.

To see more example coding problems asked by Meta in engineering interviews, check out our Meta software engineer interview guide. You'll see that those examples come with links to Leetcode solutions.

3.5 Ownership questions

Meta data engineers need more than just strong technical skills–they need the soft skills that will enable them to leverage this technical knowledge by taking initiative and influencing their fellow engineers and cross-functional partners.

The ownership questions that you’ll be asked are what we call "behavioral" questions. They will aim to assess you on your past behavior, looking to see if you have demonstrated good leadership, communication, and teamwork skills. To dig deeper into the interview category, check out our guide on the Meta behavioral interview, as well as our take on the "Why Meta?" question.

Below we've listed some frequent ownership questions that Meta tends to ask, according to data from Glassdoor. 

4. Meta Data Engineer Interviewing Tips↑

You might be a fantastic data engineer, but unfortunately, that won’t necessarily be enough to ace your interviews at Meta. Interviewing is a skill in itself, that you need to learn.

Let’s look at some key tips to make sure you approach your interviews in the right way.  

4.1 Ask clarifying questions

Often the questions you’ll be asked will be quite ambiguous, so make sure you ask questions that can help you clarify and understand the problem. Most of the questions will focus on testing your technical proficiency.

4.2 Be conversational and concise 

According to ex-Meta data engineer Jean, aside from technical proficiency, Meta is looking for DE candidates who are good communicators. So make sure you approach the interview like a conversation. 

That said, don’t let your answers meander. Keep your answers concise and prioritize speed and efficiency to give your interviewers a chance to see all your skill sets.

4.3 Think out loud

You need to walk your interviewer through your thought process. Meta recommends that you talk even while coding as they want to know how you think. Your interviewer may also give you hints about whether you’re on the right track or not. Be alert for these, and be ready to pivot once you’ve gotten the prompt. This shows you’re eager to learn and listen well to feedback.

4.4 State and check assumptions

You need to explicitly state assumptions, explain why you’re making them, and check with your interviewer to see if those assumptions are reasonable. 

4.5 Present multiple possible solutions

Present multiple possible solutions if you can. Meta wants to know your reasoning for choosing a certain solution. 

4.6 Be honest and authentic

Be genuine in your responses. Meta interviewers appreciate authenticity and honesty. If you faced challenges or setbacks, discuss how you improved and learned from them. When talking about failure, don’t try to hide your mistakes or frame a weakness as a strength. Instead, show what you learned and how the failure helped you grow.

4.7 Center on Meta’s culture

Familiarize yourself with Meta’s core values and align your behavioral responses with them. Meta values certain attributes such as comfort with ambiguity, agility, collaborative nature, and a sense of urgency.

4.8 Brute force, then iterate

When coding, don’t necessarily go for the perfect solution straight away. Meta recommends that you first try and find a solution that works, then iterate to refine your answer. 

4.9 Keep your code organized

Make sure to keep your code organized so your interviewer won’t have a hard time understanding what you’ve written. Meta wants to see that your code has captured the right logical structure

5. Preparation Plan↑

Now that you know what questions to expect, let's focus on how to prepare. It's no secret that the performance bar at Meta is high. Some people even go as far as quitting their job to prepare for interviews full-time.

This is obviously extreme and not what we recommend doing, but it shows how much effort some candidates are ready to put in. We've listed the four steps we recommend taking to prepare as efficiently as possible below.

5.1 Learn about Meta’s culture

Most candidates fail to do this. But before investing tens of hours preparing for an interview at Meta, you should take some time to make sure it's actually the right company for you.

Meta is prestigious and it's therefore tempting to ignore that step completely. But in our experience, the prestige in itself won't make you happy day-to-day. It's the type of work and the people you work with that will.

If you know engineers who work at Meta (or used to), it's a good idea to talk to them to understand what the culture is like. In addition, we would recommend reading the following:

• Meta's 6 core values 
• Facebook’s hacker culture (by Mark Zuckerberg, via Wired)
• Meta annual reports and strategy presentations (by Meta)
• Meta's approach to tech trends (by CB Insights)
• Meta org culture analysis (by Panmore Institute)

Meta recommends taking a look at these resources when you prepare:

• An Inside Look at Data Engineering (by Meta)
• Fireside Chat with a Data Engineering Director

5.2 Practice by yourself

To help you further organize your preparation, make sure to read Meta’s own guide to the data engineer onsite interview. It's a great overview of what to expect and contains some invaluable tips. Then you’ll want to start digging a bit deeper into each of the five types of questions you’ll be facing (product sense, data modeling, SQL, coding, and ownership) and start to practice answering them by yourself.

For product sense questions, this data science question video offers an easy-to-understand overview and tackles some example questions. It’s aimed at data scientists but is also relevant to data engineers. In addition, we recommend having a close look at Meta products and thinking hard about their metrics.

For data modeling questions, learndatamodeling.com has some useful videos that explain some of the core concepts. To practice, take a main product from a top tech company and try and work out how you would model each of its functions. Create logging designs and design data models. This kind of preparation can go a long way in helping you make a strong impression.

For SQL questions, you can also find a lot of practice questions on Leetcode. We also recommend reading this article on the 3 types of SQL questions.

For coding questions, we recommend using our coding interview prep article as your one-stop shop to guide your prep process. It has a 7-step preparation plan and links to the best resources.

If you haven’t already, you should also take a look at our Meta software engineer interview guide for useful example coding questions and additional information. 

For ownership questions, we recommend reading our guide to Meta behavioral interview questions where you’ll find a step-by-step method. In addition, you'll want to write down your answers to the example questions we gave you in the previous section.

Meta has a list of even more resources to help you prepare for your technical interviews:

Product Sense

• How to Deep Dive in Your Product Funnel Performance with GA and Data Studio 
• Most Important Product Metrics
• How Would You Measure the Success or Failure of a Product Feature?

Data modeling

• Data Modeling Tutorial
• Data Modeling in Big Data
• Data Model
• Data Mart
• Dimensional Modeling
• Denormalization

SQL

• SQL Tutorial
• PostgreSQL Exercises

Coding

• Python Guide
• Java Guide
• Scala Guide

Once you’re in command of the subject matter, you’ll want to practice answering questions. But by yourself, you can’t simulate thinking on your feet or the pressure of performing in front of a stranger. Plus, there are no unexpected follow-up questions and no feedback.

That’s why many candidates try to practice with friends or peers.

5.3 Practice with peers

If you have friends or peers who can do mock interviews with you, that's an option worth trying. It’s free, but be warned, you may come up against the following problems:

• It’s hard to know if the feedback you get is accurate
• They’re unlikely to have insider knowledge of interviews at your target company
• On peer platforms, people often waste your time by not showing up

For those reasons, many candidates skip peer mock interviews and go straight to mock interviews with an expert. 

5.4 Practice with experienced Meta interviewers

In our experience, practicing real interviews with experts who can give you company-specific feedback makes a huge difference.

Find a Meta interview coach so you can:

• Test yourself under real interview conditions
• Get accurate feedback from a real expert
• Build your confidence
• Get company-specific insights
• Learn how to tell the right stories, better.
• Save time by focusing your preparation

Landing a job at a big tech company often results in a $50,000 per year or more increase in total compensation. In our experience, three or four coaching sessions worth ~$500 will make a significant difference in your ability to land the job. That’s an ROI of 100x!

Click here to book data engineer mock interviews with experienced Meta interviewers